REVIEW ARTICLE
DATA ANALYSIS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: A BRIEF GUIDE TO USING NVIVO
Figure 1. Qualitative data analysis flowchart (click image to enlarge)
Figure 2. Project pad with documents tab selected (click image to enlarge)
The document browser is the main work space for coding documents (Figure 3). Documents in NVivo can be created inside the NVivo project or imported from MS Word or WordPad in a rich text (.rtf) format into the project. It can also be imported as a plain text file (.txt) from any word processor. Transcripts of interview data and observation notes are examples of documents that can be saved as individual documents in NVivo. In the document browser all the documents can be viewed in a database with short descriptions of each document.
Figure 3. Document browser with coder and coding stripe activated. (click image to enlarge)
NVivo is also designed to allow the researcher to place a Hyperlink to other files (for example audio, video and image files, web pages, etc.) in the documents to capture conceptual links which are observed during the analysis. The readers can click on it and be taken to another part of the same document, or a separate file. A hyperlink is very much like a footnote.
The second menu is Node explorer (Figure 4), which represents categories throughout the data. The codes are saved within the NVivo database as nodes. Nodes created in NVivo are equivalent to sticky notes that the researcher places on the document to indicate that a particular passage belongs to a certain theme or topic. Unlike sticky notes, the nodes in NVivo are retrievable, easily organised, and give flexibility to the researcher to either create, delete, alter or merge at any stage. There are two most common types of node: tree nodes (codes that are organised in a hierarchical structure) and free nodes (free standing and not associated with a structured framework of themes or concepts). Once the coding process is complete, the researcher can browse the nodes. To view all the quotes on a particular Node, select the particular node on the Node Explorer and click the Browse button (Figure 5).
